{"id":348,"date":"2021-02-21T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-21T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iqralaan.wordpress.com\/?p=348"},"modified":"2022-12-30T09:27:31","modified_gmt":"2022-12-30T05:27:31","slug":"welcome-friends-day-47-hq491-101-pages-9394","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/welcome-friends-day-47-hq491-101-pages-9394\/","title":{"rendered":"HQ 4:91-101, pages 93+94"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Welcome Friends:  Ahlan wa sahlan<\/em>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In our last reading we were introduced to the contrast of \u2018amn\u2019 \u2013 \u0623\u0645\u0646 versus \u2018khawf\u2019 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u2013 the concepts of \u2018security, or feeling of safety\u2019 versus \u2018fear, or sense of alarm.\u2019  Knowing that these two are \u2018opposing concepts\u2019 will help us better understand today\u2019s verses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let us keep in mind that our topic continues with Hypocrites attempting to play both sides!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

COMMENTS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.  <\/strong>Verses 91-94 should be read together, with special attention to the root verb \u2018amana\u2019 \u2013 \u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064e[1]<\/sup><\/a>  because we have unfortunately narrowed down the connotation of this word in our minds, to the result that, in Muslim understanding, the verb applies to belief only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verse 91 mentions the word \u201cya\u2019man\u201d   \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0646and talks of those who wish to keep themselves \u2018safe\u2019<\/em> from the addressees (Those Who Attained Faith), as well as from those who fight them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verses 92-93 discuss the issue of a \u2018Mu\u2019min\u2019 mistakenly causing the death of a \u2018Mu\u2019min\u2019 (same root verb as \u2018ya\u2019man\u2019) and the result of such an act if it is done deliberately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verse 94 calls on Those Who Attained Faith, telling them\/us not to answer a greeting of Peace by accusing that person of not being a \u201cMu\u2019min\/mu\u2019min.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In verses that forbid us from harming a \u201cmu\u2019min,\u201d most of us tend to understand this word to mean \u2018a Muslim,\u2019 a person \u2018of our faith.\u2019  But is the Qur\u2019anic intent limited to that narrow meaning?<\/strong>  We tend to draw that limitation despite knowing that every life is sacred, and that someone who has faith in God would never harm any of His creatures\u2026 would resort to the legal system for retribution, and when fighting would abide by the rules of a just warfare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This issue should be a HIGH PRIORITY in Muslim Dialogue today, and the resulting research would form a powerful deterrent to all indiscriminate acts that take place \u2018in the name of God,\u2019 especially among civilian populations.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We do know, generally speaking, that a Mu\u2019min translates to a \u2018Faithful person,\u2019 but in verses such as these, what exactly does mu\u2019min translate to?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linguistic research and Qur\u2019anic context show us that here, a mu\u2019min could be a person who trusts us, feels no fear of us, believes in our sincerity.[2]<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/a>  <\/em>This is clear in the following verse which uses the term \u201cmu\u2019min lana\u201d (\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAnd at nightfall they came to their father, weeping, (16) [and] said: \u201cO our father! Behold, we went off racing with one another, and left Joseph behind with our things; and thereupon the wolf devoured him! But [we know that] you would not trust us<\/u> even though we speak the truth\u201d \u2013 (12:17) <\/strong>\u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u062a\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u064d \u0644\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Before that, in HQ12:11 the brothers had asked their father to trust them (\u2026<\/strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641<\/strong>\u2026)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cO our father! Wherefore will you not trust us with Joseph, seeing that we are indeed his well-wishers?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Back to our verses:  We are often entrusted by someone who does not share our creed.  Do we uphold such a trust, or betray it?  We know the answer to that:  In fact, the Trusting person\u2019s creed has nothing to do with anything, since, as always, we maintain people\u2019s trust (HQ23:8; 70:32).  Each of us is a \u2018Trustee,\u2019 an \u2018Ameen\/\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u2019 which, if you remember was, throughout his life, Muhammad\u2019s nickname \u2013The Ameen (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646) – long before he became a Messenger of God at 40, peace upon him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Is it conceivable that ANY moral person -anywhere on earth- would betray someone\u2019s trust? (See HQ2:283; 3:75 for similar connotation.)  Such an act can never be justified, and societies throughout history have considered this immoral, and have penalized such treachery. In HQ9:6 we shall see something similar<\/a>; even idolators who asks for our help should be aided and escorted to where they are indeed safe and secure. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is why it is indeed an act of heinous MURDER to take the life of unwary persons no matter what killing apparatus is used (such victims would not be prepared for the minimum defensive measures of fight or flight).  Killing in \u2018cold-blood\u2019 has no justification, yet what is even worse than that<\/em>, is killing someone who trusts another NOT to.  As the lexicon elucidates, the word \u2018amaanah\u2019 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \/ Trustworthiness is opposite of \u2018khiyaanah\u2019 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \/ Treason.  A person might be trusted because of a uniform, being a fellow citizen, a fellow traveler, a neighbor, or just because he first approached others in peace.  No need to elaborate any further: This should work both ways, to the benefit of unwary populations at all times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.  Verse 95 tells us that The Faithful (who have earned the title) are NOT of one level – some are passive while others are active, striving hard in their wealth and in themselves – so how can they be deemed equal?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here we find the word \u2018darajah,\u2019 which we usually translate as \u2018degree\u2019 or \u2018grade,\u2019 but it denotes motion in Arabic, as in \u2018to step\u2019 or proceed forward or upward.[3]<\/sup><\/a>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This helps us better understand HQ2:228, where the \u2018darajah\u2019 of the \u2018men\/active persons\u2019 or \u2018rijaal,\u2019 is not only about husbands whose about-to-be-divorced wives are pregnant (which gives them more right to their wives\u2019 return), but it also refers to the about-to-be-divorced wives who are \u2018rijaal\u2019 -active non-pregnant- <\/em>denoting their higher maneuverability compared to pregnant wives.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here the term \u2018darajah\u2019 is clear, seen in terms of action:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maneuverability is the higher darajah!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muhammad Asad\u2019s note 122 explains (\u062c\u0647\u062f) \u2018striving hard\u2019 from the root verb \u2018jahada\u2019- he also explains. (\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f- \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \/Mujaahid \u2013 Jihad)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verse 96 tells us that those who exert a higher effort deserve higher rewards, which is only just.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.  <\/strong>Fast forward, and  we are given a peek into the end of our lives on earth, when the Custodian\/angels of Death ask those who have \u2018wronged themselves\u2019 as to what state they were in\u2026 and they offer the lame excuse that they were \u2018weak, downtrodden\u2019 on earth.  The angels then ask them a valid question, \u201cWas God\u2019s earth not spacious enough for you to move away in its expanse (from those whom you claim were holding you back)?\u201d  Their inaction had stunted their growth in life, and lost them the chance to avail themselves of its bounties.  Verses 97-100 indeed show us the benefit of travel! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.  Following the same line of thought related to traveling God\u2019s wide earth, we arrive at the verse 101  related to reducing hardship while traveling, this time with regard to the prayer itself (on Day 43 we discussed \u2018Tayammum\u2019 or \u2018dry ablution,\u2019 also granted to travelers).  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

With \u2018prayer shortening\u2019 which we call \u2018qasr,\u2019 all units of four are shortened to two.  Although not mentioned here, in practice there is more which we have received through the Messenger\u2019s direct example.  Muhammad Asad tells us about this in his note 127, while Yusuf Ali elaborates in his note 617.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.  This is a clear example of a ritual that has gone forward, without need for books or learning, passed down through families generation after generation.  This offers us one example of what we spoke about earlier, namely the difference between Muhammad\u2019s being \u2018Prophet\u2019 and \u2018Messenger,\u2019 peace upon him.  In common matters of his everyday life, the Qur\u2019an called Muhammad \u2018Prophet,\u2019 and even his companions were known to give him their own, often conflicting opinions.  On the other hand, in matters which relate directly to the Message (such as Prayer), those who believe in the Message he brought should also acknowledge him as the Messenger from whom they learn and emulate. <\/em>It is in this capacity that God commands Those Who Attained Faith to obey him, as we noted in earlier posts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enough said!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Our next Reading is from HQ4:102-113.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peace unto all!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong>\u201c\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<\/strong> \u0637\u0645\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641\u2026 \u0648\u201d\u0622\u0645\u0646\u201d \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u201c\u0622\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u201d: \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u2026\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0646.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0646\u064f: \u0636\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u064f: \u0636\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633<\/strong>: (\u0623\u0645\u0646) \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0652\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> A Mu\u2019min from the root word \u0623\u0645\u064e\u0646  \u2018amana\u2019, is about feeling safe and confident with regard to someone, having faith in them, not always about doctrine\/creed.  The noun \u2018Eman\u2019 is about faith and trust, unlike \u2018taSdeeq\u2019 which is the literal meaning of \u2018belief.\u2019  When we say someone is a Mu\u2019min we are not merely saying s\/he is a Believer; we are saying s\/he is Faithful, having both faith and trust in God. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u064a\u062f\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0650\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0650\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621. \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u064f\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621\u064f\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0639 \u0641\u064f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064e\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064a\u064f\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u0650\u0634\u0652\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/strong>: \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0650 \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062c\u064f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644: \u0645\u064e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0628\u064f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0629\u064f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064c. \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0631\u0641\u0639\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0644\u064e. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064f: \u0645\u0650\u0634\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629: \u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u064e. \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a \u064a\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0631\u064f\u062c\u064f \u062f\u064e\u0631\u0652\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Welcome Friends:  Ahlan wa sahlan! In our last reading we were introduced to the contrast of \u2018amn\u2019 \u2013 \u0623\u0645\u0646 versus \u2018khawf\u2019 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u2013 the concepts of \u2018security, or feeling of safety\u2019 versus \u2018fear, or sense of alarm.\u2019  Knowing that these two are \u2018opposing concepts\u2019 will help us better understand today\u2019s verses. Let us keep in mind that our topic continues […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quran-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=348"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1522,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions\/1522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iqraprinciple.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}